|
A partial list of locally available
aquatic animals that are usually present in numbers sufficient
for investigation follows. Those found in the sheltered waters
and beaches around the Laboratory are marked (+). Those found
in outer Frenchman Bay and Blue Hill Bay are marked (*).
The Gulf of Maine Aquarium has published
"Fishes of the Gulf of Maine" (Bigelow and Schroeder, 1953)
in its complete form at www.gma.org/fogm.
- Cerianthus borealis (northern cerianthid)+
- Clava leptostyla (hydroid)+
- Hydractinia echinata (snail fur)+*
- Metridium senile (frilled anemoe)+
- Sertularia pumila (colonial hydroid)+*
- Cerebratulus fuscus (american shallow
water ribbon worm)+*
- Lineus sp.+
- Micrura affinus (common ribbon worm)+
- Procephalothorix spiralis+
- Acmaea testudinalis (tortoise shell
limpet)+
- Anodonta cataracta - Fresh water
- Buccinum undatum (waved whelk)+*
- Elliptio complanatus - Fresh water
- Ensis directus (common razor clam)*
- Ilyanassa obsoleta (eastern mud whelk)
- Ischnochiton ruber*
- Littorina littorea (common periwinkle)+
- Lunatia heros (northern moon snail)+
- Mercenaria mercenaria (Quahog) *
- Modiolus modiolus (northern horse
mussel)*
- Mya arenaria (soft shell calm)+
- Mytilus edulis (blue mussel)+
- Placopectin magellanicus (deep sea
scallop)+
- Thais lapillus (waved whelk)+
- Spisula solidissima (surf clam)*
- Amphitrite brunnea (segmented ciliated
tentacle worm)+
- Arenicola marina (segmented prostomium
worm)+
- Clitellio arenareous (segmented upper
tidal zone earthworm)+
- Glycera dibranchiata (ringed coned
worm)+
- Nereis virens (clam worm)+
- Nephtys caeca (ringed flat head worm)
- Polydora ciliata (segmented tentacle
worm)+
- Balanus balanoides(northern rock barnacle)+
- Cancer borealis (jonah crab)*
- Cancer irroratus (rock crab)*
- Carcinus maenus (green crab)+
- Crago septemspinosus (common sand
shrimp)+
- Homarus americanus (northern lobster)
- Hyas coarctatus (toad crab)+
- Idothea baltica (baltic isopod)*
- Libinia emarginata (common spider
crab)+
- Limulus polyphemus (atlantic horseshoe
crab)+
- Marinogammarus sp.+
- Pagurus acadianus (acadian hermit
crab)+
- Pagurus pubescens (hairy hermit crab)+
- Asterias vulgaris (northern sea star)+
- Chirodota laevis (silky sea cucumber)+
- Crossaster papposus (spiney sunstar)+
- Cucumaria frondosa (orange footed
cucumber)+
- Echinarachnius parma (common sand
dollar)+
- Henricia sanguinolenta (blood sea
star)+
- Ophiopholis aculeata (daisy brittle
star)+
- Psolus fabricii (scarlet psolus sea
cucumber)+
- Solaster endeca (smoth sunstar)+
- Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis
(green sea urchin)+
- Alosa pseudoharengus (alewife)
- Ameiurus nebulosus (common bullhead)
- Anguilla rostrata (common eel)
- Boltenia ovifera (stalked tunicate)*
- Cyclopterus lumpus (lumpfish)
- Fundulus heteroclitus (killifish)
- Gadus callarias (codfish)
- Halocynthia pyriformis (sea peach)+
- Hemitripterus americanus (sea raven)
- Limanda ferruginea (yellowtail flounder)
- Lophius americanus (goosefish, monkfish)
- Macrozoarces americanus (eel pout)
- Molgula siphonalis (ascidians)
- Myoxocephalus scorpius (shorthorn
sculpin)
- Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosus (longhorn
sculpin)
- Pholis gunelis (rock eel)
- Pollachius viriens (pollack)
- Pseudopleuronectes americanus (winter
flounder)
- Pungitius pungitius (9 spine stickleback)
- Raja erinacea (little skate)
- Rana clamitans (green frog)
- R. ocellata (winter skate)
- R. palustris (pickerel frog)
- R. radiata (thorny skate)
- R. Sylvestris (wood frog)
- Scomber scombus (mackeral)
- Squalus acanthias (spiny dogfish)
Additional pelagic forms such as
Aurelia, Cyania, Pleurobrachia, Bolinopsis, and Melicertum
are common but not predictable from year to year.
Lists of macroalgal taxa identified from tidepools on the
southern shore of the island and fresh water protozoan fauna
in the local lakes and ponds are also available.
Breeding
seasons of local marine invertebrates
Borei and Khouw reported the following
results in a study from June through August 1963. The breeding
condition of the animals were determined for each consecutive
15 days during the summer.
- R = ripe gonoproducts; experimental
fertilization achieved
- E = embryos or larvae observed in
mother animal (or sexual structures)
- C = egg capsules with developing young
obtained
- U = unripe gonoproducts; experimental
fertilization unsuccessful, or embryos or larvae in mother
animal not present
- S = animals spent
- (EB) = from Eastern Bay localities
- (SS) = from southern shore lacalities
(exposed to sea)
- (BH) = from Blue Hill Bay localities
Tubularia crocea (EB)2 U U (E) E E E
Clava leptostyla (EB)2 U (U) (E)(E) (E) E
Hydractinia echinata (EB)2 (U) R R R R R
Sertularia pumila (SS)1 E E (E) S S S
Campanularia flexuosa (SS) - E E E E -
Campanularia amphora (BH)7 - E E E E -
Obelia geniculata (SS) - E E E E -
Aurelia aurita (EB) U (E) E E E E
Metridium Senile (EB)2 - - U R R R
Cerebratulus fuscus (EB)3 - R R (S) S R
Micrura affinis (EB) - - - - - R
Acmaeta testudinalis (EB) R R R R R (R)
Lacuna vincta (EB & SS) C C C C C C
Littorina littorea (EB)2 - C C C C C
Littorina obtusata (EB & SS) C C C C C -
Littorina saxatilis (EB & SS) E E E E E E
Crepidula fornicata (EB) - C C C C (C)
Polinices heros (EB) - C C C C -
Polinices triseriata (EB) - C C C C C
Buccinum undatum (EB) C C S S S S
Thais lapillus (EB)4 C C C (C) S S
Nassarius obsoletus (EB) - C C (C) S S
Ischnochiton ruber(SS) U U U U U (U)
Haminoea solitaria (BH)6 - - C C C C
Aeolidia papillosa (EB) C C C C - -
Dendronotus frondosus (SS) - C C C - -
Onchidoris bilamellata (SS) - C C C - -
Nucula proxima (EB) R R R R (R)
Mytilus edulis (EB)2 R R R (R) (R) S
Modiolus modiolus (SS)3 U R U U U (R)
Placopecten magellanicus (EB) U (R) R R (R)
Anodonta cataracta 5 E E S S S (E)
Elliptio complanatus 5 - E E S S S
Ensis directus (BH) - R R R S S
Mya arenaria (EB) R (R) (R) S S S
Saxicava arctica (EB)2 U R R R S S
Gemma gemma (BH)6 - - - - - E
Ommastrephes illecebrosa 7 - - C C C -
Lepidonotus squamatus (SS) R R R R R R
Amphitrite brunnea (EB) - U U U U R
Spirobis broealis (SS) - - E E E E
Balanus balanoides (EB)8 X S S S S S
Mysis stenolepis (BH) - U U U U U
Idothea baltica U E E E (E) 6
Idothea phosphorea (EB) - - E E - -
Orchestia agilis E E E E E E
Marinogammarus finmarchicus (EB) U E E E E E
Marinogammarus obtusatus (EB) U E E E E E
Hyperia galba (EB & BH) - - - E E E
Crago septemspinosus (EB) - E E E E -
Pragurus acadianus (SS) - E E S S S
Carcinides maenas (BH) - E E - - -
Henricia sanguinolenta (BH) R R S S S S
Asterias vulgaris (BH)9 R R R S S S
Asterias forbesi (BH)1 U (R) (R) R R S
Ophiopholis aculeata (EB)2 U (R) R R (S) S
Strongylocentrotus droebachiesis (R
in April-May) S S S (R)
Echinarachnius parma (EB)3 R R (R) R R R
Cucumaria frondosa (EB) U U U U U U
Chirodota laevis (EB) U U U U (R) R
Ascidia callosa (SS) E E E E (E)
Halocynthia pyriformis 10 - E E E E E
Boltenia echinata (EB) - - - R E E
Boltenia ovifera (SS) - - - E E -
Molgula retortiformis (EB) - E E E E E
Dendrodoa carnea (EB) - E E - S -
Amaroucium glabrum (SS) - - E E E (E)
1 = ripen approx. 2 weeks earlier
in Eastern Bay
2 = ripen approx. 2 weeks later & continue longer on exposed
southern shores
3 = seems to show several sexual periods per season
4 = small numbers of capsules with embryos available throughout
season on exposed southern shores
5 = from Echo Lake
6 = from warm tidal lakes
7 = from Pretty Marsh Hb.
8 = newly settled young on stones
9 = are spent earlier in Eastern Bay
10 = from Somes Sound
|
